The Asia Pacific region, as classified by the financial markets,
is vast and culturally diverse.
It includes three of the world's emerging giant economies: China, India
and Indonesia and is home to 3.5 billion people, 57% of the world's population.
The way economies develop in Asia Pacific will have a profound impact
on the health and stability of the entire world and it is to be hoped
that Asians take a leadership role in defining pathways to sustainable
development, which other countries may also follow.
In 2000, the World Bank reported that the region was again the fastest
growing and most economically dynamic in the world. But at what cost?
According the Mr Kassum, the Bank's Vice-President for East Asia and
the Pacific Region the stakes are high for East Asia's poor:
"If growth turns out to be 5% annually until 2008
and it is equally shared, the number of people living in poverty in East
Asia, including China, would fall from 278 million to 72 million. Slower
growth of only 4% and with less equal income distribution would leave
more than twice as many - 182 million - in poverty in 2008.
"The 1997/8 economic crisis has revealed that
growth by itself can not substitute for an effective social safety net
system".
Mr Kassum went on to say "Building a social agenda
that embraces the vulnerable groups of society remains a deep-seated challenge
for east Asian economies. Clearly the private sector has an important
role to play in this social agenda - especially in the provision of health,
education and pension systems".
This is precisely what social investors intend to encourage Asian corporations
to do.
Beyond welfare issues, the environmental challenges faced by the region
are daunting. For example, it is estimated that discharges of industrial
pollution are likely to increase tenfold in the next two decades with
a "business as usual" approach. Across the region as whole, the costs
of air and water pollution and soil degradation are estimated to be above
5% of annual GDP and in China the costs may already be as high as 10%.
Urban and industrial pollution are growing more rapidly than economic
growth.
Most environmental programmes are directed to critical issues such as
deforestation and water management. Far less is directed to making corporates
more resource efficient and less polluting in the first place. Yet it
is the growth of industrial activity and urbanisation which is causing
many of the more chronic environmental problems.. environmental destruction
by a thousand cuts. This is why investor support is so essential to ensure
corporates fully address the issue of environmental stewardship.
Momentum is already building in Asia. One consequence of the crisis is
that stricter levels of corporate governance are already being called
for. Indeed Asia is unique in having a regional private sector corporate
governance association, 'The Asian Corporate Governance Association'.
SRI is one of the key tools for building a sustainable
future for Asia. By bringing environmental and social considerations together
with financial ones, SRI allows investors to take more responsibility
for their own future.
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